مفهوم الرّتبة النّحويَّة
Abstract
يتناول هذا البحث أساسا مهما من الأسس التي بنى عليها النحاة العرب دراستهم النحوية فقد كانوا ينظرون إلى المواقع الإعرابية على أنها رتب حيث يكون بعض الكلام في رتبته سابقا الآخر ومن هنا كانوا يفرقون في أحاديثهم بين نوعين من الرتب:
1- الرتب المحفوظة: وهي الرتب الثوابت التي لا يمكن انتهاكها في الكلام.
2- الرتب غير المحفوظة: وهي الرتب المتغيرة إذ قد تأتي في مكان غير مكانها الأصلي.
ويرصد البحث هذه الرتب في أحاديث النحاة ليظهر ما كان منها منتميا إلى منطقة الرتب المحفوظة أو غير المحفوظة وبذلك تبرز مساحة الحرية التي نلمسها في الفكر النحوي كبيرة يستطيع المبدع من خلالها أن يحلق في آفاق الجمال والإبداع.
ويبين البحث أن الباحثين المحدثين لم يخرجوا على الاتجاه الذي رأيناه عند النحاة بل عمقوا النظر ليجدوا فيه آفاقا واسعة تدل على حرية المبدع.
ويلحظ البحث في النهاية جانبا مهما من جوانب الحديث في الرتب النحوية هو مفهوم الصدارة الذي تتصف به بعض الكلم فلا تأتي إلا في أول جملتها.
This research deals with an important basis of those which the Arab grammarians have based their syntactical studies. Thus they have looked at the syntax positions as "orders" so that some words precede each others in the order of the sentence. From here, they have distinguished between two types of the orders:
1- Preserved orders: they are the fixed orders which can not be violated through words.
2- Non - preserved orders: they are the variant orders so they may come in a place which is not in their correct position.
The research observed these orders through the grammarian speech in order to show which of them belong to the preserved orders class or to the non - preserved orders class. By this way the freedom area which is touched in the syntactical think reveals a great one. Throughout that the creative person can then fly in the beauty and creation fields.
The research explains that the new researches do not go out of the trend which we see in the view of the grammarians but they look deeply within it in order to find a broad fields which are referring to the freedom of the creative person.
Finally, the research itself observed an important side of those which talk about the syntactical orders which is called the concept of what is named the "first place" which some words are characterized so they never come unless if they are in the first place of the sentence.
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