دراسة النشاط المضاد للأحياء الدقيقة لدى نوعين اسفنجيين متوسطيين Axinella polypoides و Spongia officinalis من شاطئ اللاذقية
Abstract
يظهر هذا البحث النشاط المضاد للأحياء الدقيقة لدى بعض الاسفنجيات التي تم جمعها من شاطئ اللاذقية .تم دراسة تأثير خلاصات خام لنوعين اسفنجيين مختلفين مورفولوجياً وهما Axinella polypoides وSpongia officinalisعلى ثمانية عوامل ممرضة مشفوية جرثومية وفطرية,الجرثومية و كانت العنقوديات الذهبيةStaphylococcus aureus والأسينيتوباكتر Acinetobacter meningitis ,الكليبسيلا الرئويةKlebsiella pneumonia ,الإشيريكيا القولونيةEscherichia coli ,الزوائف الزنجارية Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,الأسينيتوباكتر Acinetobacter septicus ,المتقلبات الاعتيادية Proteus vulgaris ,أما العامل الممرض الفطري فقد كان خميرة المبيضات البيض Candida albicans.تم الحصول على خلاصات الخام باستخدام محلات مختلفة القطبية (Larsen,2005) .لوحظ أن جراثيم A. meningitis و S. aureusو K. pneumoniaو E.coli تمتلك تحسساً عالياً للخلاصة الميتانولية الخام للاسفنج Axinella polypoides .أظهرت جراثيم Acinetobacter meningitis تحسساً عالياً للخلاصة الميتانولية الخام للاسفنج Spongia officinalis, في حين أظهرت جراثيم الـ Staphylococcus aureusتحسساً متوسطاً وجزئياً للخلاصة الميتانولية الخام لهذا الاسفنج, لدى مقارنة مدى الفعالية الحيوية للخلاصتين الميتانوليتين للنوعين الاسفنجيين على الجراثيم المدروسة مع مدى فعالية الصادات الحيوية المستخدمة حالياً لاختبار التحسس الجرثومي في المشفى ووفقاً للتراكيز المحددة تماثل تأثير الخلاصة الميتانولية للاسفنج Axinella polypoides مع تأثير الصادات Ceftriaxone وAzithromycin وGentamicin تجاه Staphylococcus aureus و مع تأثير الصادات Ceftriaxone وCiprofloxacin وAzithromycinتجاه جراثيم Acinetobacter meningitis و مع تأثيرAzithromycin تجاه Klebsiella pneumonia في حين رجح على تأثير تلك الخلاصة على تأثيرCiprofloxacin تجاه الجراثيم نفسها, كما رجح تأثير الخلاصة الميتانولية للاسفنج Axinella polypoides على تأثيرTrimethoprim sulfamethoxazole تجاه جراثيم Escherichia coli في حين تماثل مع تأثير الصادات Ceftriaxone وCiprofloxacin وNalidixic acid تجاه الجراثيم نفسها...
The antibacterial and anticandidal activities of sponges collected from Latakian coast were closely examined. The crude extracts of two sponge species Axinella polypoides and Spongia officinalis were tested against eight isolated nosocomial pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter meningitis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter septicus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the yeast Candida albicans. It’s been found that methanolic crude extract of Axinella polypoides had antimicrobial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria; that is, A. meningitis, S. Aureus, K. pneumonia and E.coli showed high susceptibility to MeOH crude extract of Axinella polypoides. While Acinetobacter meningitis showed high susceptibility to methanolic crude extract of Spongia officinalis, Staphylococcus aureus had partial moderate sensitivity to the same crude extract. Furthermore, the findings of antibacterial activity of MeOH crude extracts of both studied sponges were compared to the efficiency of some antibiotics that were tested against the same bacteria at given concentrations. In result, it was found that MeOH crude extract of Axinella polypoides ,Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin, Gentamicin were equally efficient against Staphylococcus aureus. While MeOH crude extract of Axinella polypoides was as efficient as Azithromycin against Klebsiella pneumonia. Ciprofloxacin was less efficient than the mentioned extract against the same bacteria. MeOH crude extracts of both of Axinella polypoides and Spongia officinalis were similar in activity to Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin against Acinetobacter meningitis .As for E.coli , MeOH crude extract of Axinella polypoides , Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid were similar in activity while Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole less active than the same extract against E.coli.
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