تقدير درجة الإصابة بمرض تعقد الجذور النيماتودي Root Knot Nematode على صنفي التبغ برلي وفيرجينيا وحصر وتحديد أنواع النيماتودا Meloidogyne في الساحل السوري
Abstract
تم جمع 205 عينات جذرية من صنفي التبغ برلي وفيرجينيا المصابة بنيماتودا تعقد الجذور
Root Knot Nematode, من 32 حقلاً من حقول التبغ المزروعة على الشريط الساحلي في الفترة الواقعة بين أوائل شهر آب وأوائل شهر تشرين الأول للموسم 2011.
بينت نتائج فحص الجذور أن درجة الإصابة بالمرض كانت مرتفعة فقد وصلت إلى الدرجة الخامسة
عند الصنف فيرجينيا بمعدل 179.20 عقدة على العينة الواحدة, وبلغت الدرجة الرابعة عند الصنف برلي بمعدل 39.70 عقدة على العينة الواحدة.
تم تحديد الأنواع النيماتودية المسببة للإصابة وسجلت ثلاثة أنواع, تميز النوع M.javanica بأعلى نسبة تكرار حيث ظهر منفردا بنسبة تكرار46.25 %و43.7 %, تلاه النوع M.incognita الذي ظهر منفرداً بنسبة تكرار % 26.25, % 24.44, على الصنفين برلي و فيرجينيا على التوالي, كما ترافق ظهور النوعين السابقين معاً بنسبة أقل في كلا الصنفين, وظهر النوع الثالث M.arenaria بشكل محدود في ثلاث مواقع فقط بنسبة تكرار منخفضة بلغت 5.18 % في ظهور منفرد و3.72 % مترافقاً مع النوع M.incognita وذلك في الصنف فيرجينيا ولم يظهر في عينات الصنف برلي.
This study was conducted in Tobacco fields in the Syrian coast to investigate Root-knot Nematode on two varieties of tobacco (Burley and Flue-cured). Two hundred and five samples of the roots of infected plants were collected from 32 fields in the period between early August and early October. The results showed that the degree of infestation was high (fifth degree) to Flue-cured tobacco (average was 179.20 knot for one sample), and fourth degree to the Burley tobacco (average 39.95 knot on one sample).
There were three species of Meloidogyne: M.javanica, it had the most frequency 46.25 % and 43.7 % of Burley and Flue-cured tobacco respectively, followed by M.incognita 26.25 % and 24.44% of samples respectively. These species were present together in less frequency on both studied varieties. Whereas the third specie M.arenaria only appeared in three sites of Flue-cured tobacco in less frequency (5.18 %) and was associated with M.incognita
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