دراسة أولية عن الانتشار الطبيعي للنيماتودا الممرضة للحشرات في أراضي مختلفة في محافظة اللاذقية ـ سورية وفاعليتها في يرقات دودة الشمع الكبرى
Abstract
تم جمع 68 عينة تربة مركبة من 10 مواقع في محافظة اللاذقية خلال عامي 2009-2008، شملت ترب مختلفة من الأراضي المزروعة، البور والغابات بهدف الكشف عن وجود النيماتودا الممرضة للحشرات بطريقة الطعم بوساطة يرقات العمر الأخير من دودة الشمع الكبرى Galleria mellonella L..
بينت النتائج أن نسبة العينات الإيجابية بلغت 22% من إجمالي العينات المدروسة، حيث تم الحصول على 15 عزلة نيماتودية تم تعريفها حتى مستوى الجنس، وتبين أنها تتبع للجنسين: Heterorhabditis وSteinernema، ظهر كل جنس بشكل منفرد في 53.3% و33.3% على الترتيب كما ظهر الجنسان مترافقين معاً في 13.3% من مجمل العزلات.
ساد الجنس Heterorhabditis في الأراضي الزراعية بنسبة 77.7%، في حين ساد الجنس Steinernema في الأراضي البور بنسبة 66.6%. أما في العزلات التي تم الحصول عليها من أرض الغابة فقد ظهر كلا الجنسين بشكل منفرد ومترافقين معاً بنسب متساوية بلغت 33.3%.
ثبت أن فاعلية العزلات التابعة للجنس Heterorhabditis أقوى من العزلات التابعة للجنس Steinernema في قتل يرقات دودة الشمع الكبرى.
A total of 68 soil samples were collected from 10 sites in Lattakia during the years 2008, 2009 including different soils from planted, non-planted lands and forest, Samples were tested for the presence of entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) by baiting method using the last larval instar of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella L.
Results showed that positive samples were 22% of total samples, where fifteen isolates of EPNs were identified for genus levels which were Heterorhabditis and Steinernema. Each genus appeard individually in 53.3% and 33.3% respectively, and in 13.3% of total isolates they were associated together.
In planted lands Heterorhabditis was dominant at a rate of 77.7%, while in the Non-planted lands Steinernema was dominant at rate of 66.6%, whereas in Forest lands both genera appeared individually or associated together in equal rates: 33.3%.
Efficacy of Heterorhabditis 's isolates was more than Steinernema's in killing the greater wax moth larvae.
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