دراسة تجريبية لتحسين عامل أداء المضخة الحرارية باستخدام اللاقط الشمسي
Abstract
تم في هذه الدراسة تعديل مضخة حرارية هوائية تقليدية بإضافة مبخر ثانوي موضوع ضمن خزان ماء ساخن يقوم بدور مصدر حراري مائي للمضخة الحرارية، جعلنا المضخة تعمل بالتناوب إما بالاعتماد على حرارة الهواء المحيط، أو بالاعتماد على حرارة الماء المستمدة من الطاقة الشمسية. قمنا بإجراء التجربة خلال خمسة أشهر اعتبارا ً من كانون الأول من عام 2014 وحتى نيسان من عام 2015، حيث تم قياس درجة الحرارة والضغط عند نقاط محددة من الدارة، ثم قمنا؛ من أجل كل من الدارتين؛ بتحديد انتالبي كل نقطة بالاعتماد على برنامج EES (وهو برنامج لمحاكاة العناصر الترموديناميكية)، وحساب كميات الحرارة المكتسبة في المبخر والمطروحة في المكثف، وعمل الضاغط، وعامل الأداء ، والطاقة الكهربائية التي يستهلكها الضاغط. وجدنا بالمقارنة بين الدارتين أن نسبة التحسين في عامل أداء الدارة المعدلة بالنسبة للدارة التقليدية هي 77.07%، ونسبة تخفيض الطاقة الكهربائية التي يستهلكها ضاغط الدارة المعدلة 33.54%. In this study، a traditional air source heat pump was modified by adding secondary evaporator within hot water tank which acted as a water heat source of the heat pump. We made the heat pump to run alternatively either using surrounding air heat or water heat gained from solar power. We have done experiments during five months starting in December of 2014 until April 2015. Temperature and pressure were measured at specific points of the cycle. Then we defined the enthalpy at each point for both cycles using EES software (which is a software to simulate thermodynamic elements)، and calculated the amounts of heat gained in the evaporator، heat charged from the condenser، compressor work، coefficient of performance ، and electrical power consumed by the compressor. Then we made a compare between the two cycles and found that the improvement ratio in of the modified cycle to the traditional cycle was 77.07%، and the reduction ratio in electrical power consumed by the compressor of the modified cycle was 33.54%.Downloads
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