تأثير شروط عمل السفينة على تصميم مخطط عمل محركات الديزل البحرية
Abstract
من المعلوم أن 97 % من محطات دفع السفن التجارية الموجودة في الوقت الحاضر تستخدم محركات الديزل، وتعتمد قيمة استطاعة الجر وسرعة السفينة بشكل رئيس على شكل البدن وتصميم الرفاص؛ لذلك ولتشغيل السفينة بشكل أفضل فقد عرضت في هذه المقالة أهم بارامترات السفينة التي تؤثر في سلوك محرك الديزل ومحطة الدفع.
تم في هذا البحث إيضاح أهمية اختيار نقطة عمل المحرك الرئيس عند الحمولة القصوى MCR وكذلك نقطة العمل الأمثل للمحرك في محطة الدفع، من أجل تحديد مخطط حمولة المحرك بناءً على النقطة التصميمية لعمل الرفاص، كذلك عرضت خطوط عمل المحرك المهمة بالتفصيل عبر دراسة حالات نمطية عديدة يدير بها المحرك الرئيس الرفاص وحده أو الرفاص ومولد الكهرباء على السفينة معاً.
97% of today's marine power plants of merchant ships use diesel engines. The power requirement and rate of revolution depend very much on the ship's hull form and the propeller design. Therefore, in order to reach optimal working conditions, the most important parameters of ship which affect the diesel engine and the power plant behavior have been mentioned.
This paper clears also the importance of choosing the correct specified MCR and optimizing point of the main engine, and thereby engine's load diagram in consideration to the propeller's design point. Also the construction of the relevant load diagram line is studied in detail by means of several typical situations, where the main engine feeds the propeller alone or the propeller and the shaft generator together.
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