تقييم الخطر البيئي للنترات في المياه الجوفية لسهل عكار في طرطوس باستخدام المنطق الضبابي
Abstract
إن النترات الممتصة من المياه الجوفية المستخدمة للشرب يمكن أن تتحول في المعدة إلى أشكال مسرطنة من النتروسوامينات والنتروسواميدات ،كما تسبب التراكيز المرتفعة من النترات بحدوث الميثموغلوبينيميا لدى الرضع في المناطق التي تستخدم المياه الجوفية الملوثة بالنترات للشرب، إن معظم التجمعات الريفية تستخدم المياه الجوفية كمصدر لمياه الشرب، ولكن تراكيز النترات في المياه الجوفية أخذت بالتزايد بشكل واضح في الآونة الأخيرة في معظم المناطق الزراعية، بسبب التطبيق الزائد للتسميد الزراعي في السنوات السابقة .
ومن هنا تأتي أهمية دراسة تقييم الخطر البيئي للنترات في المياه الجوفية لسهل عكار في طرطوس، وبشكل خاص الخطر الصحي الناتج من زيادة تراكيز النترات في هذه المياه، باستخدام المنطق الضبابي لتوضيح حالات عدم التأكد من خلال ربطه بعمليات تقييم الخطر البيئي.
Nitrate in groundwater, when ingested by human being, might be converted to carcinogenic nitrosamines and nitrosoamides in the stomach. The high concentration of nitrate can cause infant's Methemoglobinemia in the regions that use groundwater for drinking. Most rural communities use groundwater as their drinking source. However, nitrate concentrations have increased in many agricultural areas due to the fertilizing practices in the past years.
Thus it is important to study the Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of Nitrate in groundwater in Akkar region– Tartous, especially the health risk due to the high concentration of nitrate in this water. This will be done by using Fuzzy logic to present the uncertainties which will be incorporated into the Environmental Risk Assessment process.
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